Thursday, September 3, 2020

Cold war 1989-1991 under Bush's Administration Essay

Cold war 1989-1991 under Bush's Administration - Essay Example The indicator to think about whether to intercede was diverse for each situation. The significant attributes of post-Cold War clashes were that they didn't identify with superpower consummation. U.S. interests didn't confront serious danger, as it was vulnerable War math. The struggle at distant spots was not significant to the national security of U.S. also, the crucial interests were pretty much secure, with no convincing motivations to mediate. There was no encounter with Soviet Union who was at one time the perilous competitor for U.S. interests. With the finish of the Cold War, inconvenience incited at different spots prompting a progression of occasions of between state hostility. U.S. had no conclusive stage to intercede, either political or lawful. Its international strategy was against, â€Å"interference in the inward issues of others. U.S. couldn't seek after an arrangement of noninterventionist, it required dynamic political and financial help from governments and U.S. was opposed to present points of reference which influenced their relations with di fferent nations. Another significant thought was about adherence to universal law administering mediations. Without the right worldwide lawful method of reasoning, any intercession would be named as a demonstration of greedy, with roused wants and with shrouded plan. Choices for intercession should have been taken, clarified and shielded. The separation of the Soviet Union was a significant turn of events, however no American interests were compromised. Moreover, it was an ideological clash and force battle between two groups, both owing faithfulness to Communism. Mediation choices have expansive monetary ramifications, other than the requirement for strong residential help. In the confounding scene situation, with many arrangement of activities occurring all the while in various pieces of the world, the dynamic procedure can't be relied upon to be efficient and very much organized. That the issue

Wednesday, August 26, 2020

Piper Aircraft Co v Reyno Essay Example for Free

Flute player Aircraft Co v Reyno Essay Flute player Aztec, co-made by American applicants, smashed in Scotland in July 1976, slaughtering all ready. The plane was under Scottish airport regulation, enlisted in Great Britain, claimed/kept up via Air Navigation and Trading Co. Ltd. , and worked by McDonald Aviation Ltd. , a Scottish air taxi administration. California probate court named Gaynell Reyno in July 1977. Procedural Facts: Reyno recorded a body of evidence against the applicants, claming carelessness and severe risk in the Superior Court of California, while clarifying that the guidelines and law in California were more positive than those in Scotland. The case was expelled to the US District Court for the Central District of California, before it was moved in December 1977 to the US District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania, where solicitors recorded a movement to excuse on the ground of discussion non conveniens. In the wake of finding an elective gathering in Scotland, the District Court conceded the movement and excused the grumbling in October 1979. Nonetheless, the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit switched the District Court’s choice in light of the fact that excusal is consequently banned when the law of an elective gathering is less good for the offended party than the law of the discussion that has been picked by the offended party.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Finding the Gaps Online Writer vs a Vis-a-Vis Partnership

Finding the Gaps Online Writer versus a Vis-a-Vis Partnership Finding the Gaps: Online Writer versus a Vis-a-Vis Partnership While employing an author, it very well may be hard to pick between picking somebody on the web or picking an individual that you can meet face to face. The two alternatives convey special preferences and drawbacks, making it essential to comprehend the qualities and shortcomings of every variation. This article will assist you with surveying which kind of journalists is the best for you. Correspondence On the off chance that you have any issues with your venture, you have to determine them at the earliest opportunity. In addition, clearly you need the individual, you have employed, to plainly comprehend what is should have been finished. For this situation, working with somebody up close and personal is an incredible alternative. You can plunk down, have an individual discussion, and ensure that the individual, you are meeting, completely comprehends your necessities. In addition, you can set up the following gathering on the off chance that it is need. An online essayist doesn't have such a bit of leeway. You need to convey through email or Internet errand person, which makes it harder to connect. There may be longer reaction time, and you should be extremely point by point in your task guidelines. Comfort While opposite gatherings may offer better correspondence, yet recruiting an essayist online is less tedious. Eye to eye meeting requires arranging and planning; you possess to commit some energy for it just as discover a spot where to meet with the individual. Significantly more, this expects you to change your timetable. Working with somebody by means of the Internet wipes out these issues. You can send messages through informing applications or administrations, as Skype or FaceTime. Composing Samples Composing tests are an incredible method to pass judgment on the nature of the writer’s work, before you recruit him/her. You basically request that the author present to you a few instances of his/her works. For this situation, you can survey them to check whether they fit the tone and style that your task needs. The disconnected essayist can just give you not many of his/her works, since he/she needs to bring paper duplicates of undertakings, and clearly he/she won't have the option to convey a great deal of models with them. The essayist, you enlist on the web, doesn't experience the ill effects of this issue. He/she can send you the same number of tests as you might want, since his/her duplicates will be altogether computerized. Along these lines, online authors get one more advantage. Online just as disconnected journalists have their own exceptional favorable circumstances just as hindrances. Be that as it may, recruiting the disconnected scholars has a couple of significant advantages than employing the up close and personal ones. While vis-à-vis scholars are some of the time simpler to speak with, they need a considerable lot of different advantages that are progressively significant. Helping out the scholars online is progressively advantageous, just as it is simpler to move work tests and reports among you. This makes recruiting Internet-based scholars a general better choice.

Trouble Brews at Starbucks Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Inconvenience Brews at Starbucks - Case Study Example Notwithstanding, in 2007, inconvenience started when the organization execution started to decay. It revealed a decrease in the quantity of client visits in the United States prompting a 50 percent drop in share value (Pride, Hughes and Kapoor 45). In two quarters development stayed level and declined in the final quarter. This prompted rehiring of Howard Schultz, who was seen as a visionary chief. This was done on the reason for reestablishing Starbuck’s chief brand. To this end, this paper dissects this organization to see how it can recover its previous status. In the business, the degree of rivalry is exceptionally high. A portion of the significant contenders for this organization incorporate the Tully’s espresso, Caribou Coffee and Gloria Jean’s. Despite the fact that, there are a high number of contenders, the industry is ruled by the referenced contenders. In Starbucks case, there are new passages and different firms in the market. The company’s new contender is McDonalds’ â€Å"McCafe†. Contenders are probably going to enter this industry on the grounds that the startup cost is low. McDonald can make its particular item that will assist it with tapping in the espresso advertise. A store that can effectively enter the market can possibly make benefits. Luckily, the company’s area confines new participants. Additionally, the presence of separated brands empowers the organization to expand the exchanging costs for clients. For Starbuck, the sheer scale has decreased the purchasers dealing power (Romney n.pag.). There is no single gathering that impacts the acquisition of the company’s items in huge amounts. Additionally, there are various alternatives because of a high number of contenders. Likewise, the items that can substitute espresso are in of an assortment. This danger is high for the organization. The acquisition of packaged espresso is viewed as reasonable instead of deciding on the company’s cup espresso. There are likewise items that can be utilized rather than espresso. They

Friday, August 21, 2020

Making Phone Calls in German-Speaking Countries

Making Phone Calls in German-Speaking Countries Gone are the days when most European nations had one state imposing business model telephone organization run by the mail station the previous PTT: Post, Telefon, Telegraf. Things have changed! Despite the fact that the previous German restraining infrastructure Deutsche Telekom is as yet prevailing, German homes and organizations would now be able to choose from an assortment of telephone organizations. On the road you see individuals strolling around with their Handys (cell/cell phones). This article manages a few parts of utilizing a phone in German: (1) useful Telefon how-tos, (2) jargon identified with the gear and broadcast communications when all is said in done, and (3) articulations and jargon concerning great telephone behavior and making yourself clear on the telephone, alongside our explained English-German Telephone Glossary. Chatting on the telephone is a significant aptitude for English-speakers in Austria, Germany, Switzerland, or any individual who needs to make a significant distance call (ein Ferngesprch) to a German-talking nation. Be that as it may, on the grounds that you realize how to utilize a phone at home doesnt fundamentally mean youre prepared to adapt to an open telephone in Germany. An American agent who is very equipped for taking care of any business circumstance can rapidly be at a misfortune in an unfamilar German pay phone/box (pass on Telefonzelle). Be that as it may, you state, anybody I need to call likely has a mobile phone at any rate. Indeed, you better have the correct Handy or youre up the creek without a paddle. Most U.S. remote telephones are pointless in Europe or pretty much anyplace outside of North America. Youll need a multi-band GSM-good telephone. (In the event that you dont comprehend what GSM or multi-band implies, see our GSM telephone page for progressively about utilizing ein Handy in Europe.) A German or Austrian open telephone can be confounding if youve never observed one before. Just to muddle matters progressively, some open telephones are coin-just, while others are telephone card-as it were. (European telephone cards are supposed shrewd cards that monitor a cards remaining an incentive as its utilized.) what's more, a few telephones at German air terminals are Visa telephones that take Visa or Mastercard. What's more, obviously, a German telephone card wont work in an Austrian card telephone or the other way around. Simply realizing how to make proper acquaintance! on the telephone is a significant social and business ability. In Germany you ordinarily pick up the telephone by saying your last name. German telephone supporters must compensation per-minute charges for all calls, including even nearby calls (das Ortsgesprch). This clarifies why Germans dont invest as much energy in the telephone as most Americans. Understudies remaining with a receiving family need to realize that in any event, when they call a companion in a similar town or over the road, they shouldnt talk for significant lots like they may at home. Utilizing the phone in an outside nation is a great case of how language and culture go together. On the off chance that you dont realize the jargon in question, that is an issue. In any case, in the event that you are new to how the telephone framework functions, that is additionally an issue regardless of whether you know the jargon.

Friday, August 14, 2020

5 Common Encryption Algorithms and the Unbreakables of the Future

5 Common Encryption Algorithms and the Unbreakables of the Future For the past twenty years, the Internet went from an invention to a recognized human right.That fact in and out of itself should speak about the exponential increase of its role in our lives. From being a luxurious technology, through window-to-other-worlds, to an information medium, and finally into a need-to-exist.We constantly find new ways to incorporate technology in every aspect of business, government, and human relationships. It bridges continents, brings people together, helps the environment, popularizes ideas that change the world.Users log on to read the news, learn skills, work, shop, vote, communicate and have fun.The internet houses large amounts of information and traffics a significant portion of it every day. The question of access is becoming crucial.When you live your life online, you need to protect your communication with the network.You probably largely leave your protection up to the creators of your operation system, your app, the default security protocols a nd devices you are using.Here is some news though: not every encryption method is equally reliable. Read the article to learn more about the most popular encryption methods and their relative security.THE IMPORTANCE OF ENCRYPTIONWith using more and more technologies in our lives we are generating large amounts of data, a great share of which is sensitive data. If someone else gets hold of that data you may be at risk of financial fraud or identity theft.Let us draw a parallel with real life.Let us say you are going shopping. You visit the store whenever you want, some of the staff may or may not know your name if you are a regular. You choose your products and proceed to the checkout. No one from the store can get a hold of your money until you draw out your wallet and you hand the cashier your cash. In this situation you are relatively safe.Only if you have a thief in your close vicinity, they may get a hold of your wallet. Stealing your wallet will give them access to your cash wh ich they can use with little consequence.In the digital world, you may visit the online store whenever you want, but if you have shopped there before they probably have your personal information already â€" name, address, and quite possibly your phone number. They have it regardless of whether you are logged in or you are not.If you have saved your credit card with that shop they have your financial information at all times, too (whereas when you shop in a brick and mortar store your wallet will only be at risk while you are there, shopping).Instead of your money being at risk only from people in your immediate vicinity, you are now at risk from any hacker, who has access to the network, and at all times.Encryption changes your information so that it is incomprehensible and therefore unusable to anyone who does not have the key.Let’s say someone tries to steal your personal information, your name, if it was encrypted. It would be the equivalent of going into the store and asking f or your name, but anyone who can give them your name speaks another, unknown language.If they get a hold of your digital wallet it would be the equivalent of acquiring your cash, but your banknotes are in a currency they cannot use unless they go to the exchange bureau that you own, to convert it.HOW ENCRYPTION WORKSEncryption works by manipulating a message via a rule to the point the original message is unrecognizable. The ‘rule’ is the key.Here is a very simple example of encryption:Let’s say you want to encrypt the message ‘Hello’. One rule you can use is substitute each letter with the next letter from the alphabet. Your message will then become ‘Ifmmp’. Because you are adding +1 to the alphabetical sequence, your keyword will be ‘1’. If you were substituting each letter with the letter standing 3 spaces behind it, your message would end up looking like ‘Ebiil’ and your key would be ‘-3’. If you consecutively applied both rules, your key would look lik e this ‘1-3’And while to you that change would be major and you cannot probably decipher that message immediately, when someone has an incentive to break your cypher, and they know anything about cryptography, they can get to your message in a few seconds, just by using pen and paper.What is more, there is software that will try the most popular keys (starting with 1-digit codes) to decipher your message.The point is, the more sensitive the information is, the more complex encryption is required. Especially if revealing the information bears financial risk.5 TOP ENCRYPTION ALGORITHMS(Triple) DESTriple DES or 3DES is the successor to the DES algorithm, or the Data Encryption Standard.DES is an obsolete symmetric-key method of data encryption. It was phased out because of its over-exploited vulnerabilities.Originally, DES used to be a very popular encryption method. It is a creation of the engineers in IBM, from back in 1970. In 1977 it was adopted by the government of the USA as an encryption standard â€" the Federal Information Encryption Standard. DES was used for protecting unclassified but sensitive data.It was the first algorithm approved by the federal government for public disclosure. It gained popularity fast among businesses dealing with confidential information â€" financial institutions, telecommunication companies, other software and Internet providers, etc.DES encrypts data by grouping it into blocks and encoding them simultaneously by applying the key to the entire block â€" instead of bit by bit. The blocks are always 64-bit.The key could be applied to all blocks simultaneously or another model could be used where the encryption of one block is made dependent on the result of the previous one.In DES, the same key is used to encipher and decipher the message. Decoding is nothing more than applying the same steps in reverse direction and reverse order.What is more, the key options are limited. The keys are always 64-bit, however, 8 parts of the key will be limited in variation in order to be used for key validation, which makes it an equivalent of a 56-bit key. Which means, the choice of encryptions keys is limited and therefore all information, encrypted via DES is prone to brute force attacks.Because of this serious flaw, scientists had concerns about DES being adopted as the standard even in the 1970’s. However, it remained a very popular encryption method until the late 1990’s.The progress in technology, and more specifically in processing power made it possible for a DES-encrypted message to be brute force hacked in less than 24 hours.It is important to state that some systems still rely on DES encryption only, and using those systems is to be avoided.3DES is one of the successors of DES, and the one which to the greatest extent preserves its original functionality. It was first made public in 1998 and is a simple variation of DES, where each block is encrypted via DES three times each. Triple DES uses three inde pendent keys, with three separate 56-bit DES keys, or a total of 168 bits. Because of the consecutive encryption, there is a meet-in-the-middle vulnerability, which decreases the protection to the equivalent to a 112-bit key.With its more complex way of working, the 3DES encryption method is slower.Still, the effectiveness of 3DES is considered to give enough security that it is approved to be used up until 2030.Triple DES is used for online payments, by apps in the Microsoft Office package, as well as by Mozilla’s Firefox and Thunderbird.RSAThe algorithm is named after its designers. In the 1970’s Ron Rivest, Adi Shamir, and Leonard Adleman: Rivest-Shamir-Adleman came up with the encryption method while working for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.In contrast to DES, RSA is asymmetric, which means the system is not using the same key for decryption and encryption. The algorithm works via generating a public and a private key. The public and private key are not identica l, but are linked to each other.There is no difference which key is used for encryption and which is used for decryption. Both the private and the public key can be used to encode the message and the opposite key will have to be applied to decode it.In fact, the difference is elsewhere: the public key, as its name suggests, can be introduced to the public, while the private key is the ‘secret‘.The high level of security RSA provides is ensured by the difficulty of factoring long strings, the product of factoring two large prime numbers.Both the private and the public keys are generated via multiplying two large numbers, creating a modulus. The modulus is used by both the public and the private key. The public key is created via the modulus, adding a public exponent, usually 65537. And the private key is created by the modulus, and a private exponent.The computational difficulty of large integers makes RSA significantly safer than DES. As explained earlier, DES works with keys, e quivalent to 56-bit, 3DES works with keys, equivalent to 112-bit, and RSA works with keys that are 1024- or 2048-bits long. Still, experts think 1024-bit keys are relatively vulnerable. The government and the IT industry recommend using 2048-bit keys only.RSA is used for SSH authentication, for SSL encryption, and for protecting sensitive data in various browsers.BlowfishBlowfish is considered an alternative to the DES and RSA encryption methods. It was designed back in 1993 by Bruce Schneier as a general-purpose algorithm, with that exact intend. The security of the cipher has been tested and proven in time.Like DES, the technology of Blowfish is symmetric, which means one private key (or just key) is used to encrypt an entire block of data. The size of the blocks is 64-bit, and he length of the key may vary from a 32-bits to a 448-bit key. A full encryption has never been broken.With the ability to use shorter keys, the Blowfish method is an alternative that is considerably faster than its two competitors. The exception is changing keys. Each change of the key requires a pre-processing, taking resources equivalent to encrypting 4KB of text.Blowfish is not patented. Its flexibility, speed and security gives it a competitive edge against its alternatives. It is can be used and explored free of charge. Therefore it is highly popular in cryptographic software.TwofishTwofish is a successor of another favorite encryption method â€" Blowfish. It is a brain-child of the same designer, Bruce Schneier, and it is another candidate to replace the Data Encryption Standard.Twofish, like its predecessor Blowfish, uses block cyphering. It symmetric, which again means the same key is used for enciphering and deciphering.   Twofish divides the message that needs encryption into 128-bit blocks and applies the key simultaneously to all blocks. The size of the block is yet another difference with Blowfish.Unlike its predecessor, Twofish only uses keys for the encryption of data of up to 256-bit. Each block’s encryption put into a complex relation to the result of the encryption of the previous block.‘The algorithm might look haphazard, but we did everything for a reason’. â€" says Bruce Schneier, the co-founder ‘Nothing is in Twofish by chance. Anything in the algorithm that we couldnt justify, we removed. The result is a lean, mean algorithm that is strong and conceptually simple.’Encoding with Twofish is popular for software and devices that have relatively low processing resources at their disposal, such as SIM cards.Brute-forcing a Twofish encrypted message is considered to be unreasonable and impractical. Meaning the efforts, resources and time the hacker would have to allocate would not be worth the end result.Twofish is considered to be fast, flexible, and at the same time, to have a conservative design.Just like Blowfish, the encryption method has not been patented and is free to use.AESThe Advanced Encryption Standard was originally nam ed Rijndael. It was designed by the Belgian cryptographers Vincent Rijmen and Joan Daemen back in 1998 and it is named after them.In 1997, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) opened a contest for cryptographers to come up with algorithms to substitute the so-far popular standard (DES) because of the increasing concerns of the level of protection it guarantees, with the raising level of processing power and its vulnerability from brute-force attacks due to the limited choice of encryption keys.NIST elected Rijndael as the new standard. It was declassified and was deemed ‘capable of protecting sensitive government information well into the next century’.It became popular for its easy implementation in hardware, as well as restricted environments.AES is yet another symmetric encryption algorithm. NIST’s requirements for the contest contributed to several specifics of AES. For example:Each contestant was supposed to be able to accept keys sized at 128, 192, a nd 256 bits.The algorithm was supposed to be open for public analysis and commentsIt was pre-tested for withstanding attacks. Each competitor was scored against the competition, with the security score having the heaviest weight for winning the contest.High computational and memory efficiency â€" if the algorithm was to be released as the standard it was supposed to come at low cost.Flexibility, easy implementation and simplicity.Rijndael was elected the winner and was suggested in 2000 to become the new federal government standard. Since 2002 Rijndael, Advanced Encryption Standard, became the new standard.AES is considered to be more effective than its predecessors, DES and 3DES, using a more complex algorithm and a longer key. The decryption works faster, which makes it a better alternative for a cypher in routers, firewalls, security protocols and in general any applications that use encryption.AES is similar to Twofish in the sense it is symmetric and it works with 128-bit block s. Each cypher â€" the AES-128, -192, and -256 uses respectively 128-, 192-, and 256-bit keys. Originally Rijndael could work with different block sizes and key sizes, but this flexibility was not included when it was introduced as the standard.AES works with enciphering rounds. Each round is a sequence of a number of processing steps, which could be a combination of  substitution, transposition and creating relationships between the input plaintext and output.The number of applicable rounds vary with 10 rounds applied with 128-bit keys, 12 rounds for 192-bit keys and 14 rounds for 256-bit keys.The AES encryption cipher is using table-based substitution of data by rows and columns. The substitution rule is dictated by different part of the encryption key.Ever since its recognition as the new standard, the AES has been explored for its vulnerabilities. Brute-force attacks and new techniques have been employed to discover new ways to attack the algorithm. Some attacks have been succe ssful against the more simple versions of Rijndael â€" shorter keys, fewer rounds.AES is widely accepted to be a reliable and practical. IDEA is a newer version of a previously used cipher the Proposed Encryption Standard (PES).Watch this fun video to learn more about the evolution of cryptography from simple substitution to the future of encryption quantum cryptography: HONORABLE MENTIONSIDEAThe International Data Encryption Algorithm (IDEA) was created by Xuejia Lai and James Massey and is another symmetric encryption algorithm, first described in 1991.It uses 64-bit blocks and 128-bit keys. Like AES, IDEA uses rounds of encryption. Unlike AES, IDEA also adopts a methodology called half-rounds. Each round uses 6 16-bit sub-keys. Each of the half-rounds uses 4 sub-keys. The first 8 sub-keys are directly extracted from the encryption key, while the other 8 are created based on rotation.Because of the essence of IDEA’s schedule, it naturally generates a certain amounts if zero-ri ch keys which lead to randomly weak encryption. Those are reasonably rare, which, in practice leave the algorithm pretty safe. The probability of generating a weak key is considered to be negligibly low.Bruce Schneier, the founder of Blowfish and Twofish agrees:‘In my opinion, it is the best and most secure block algorithm available to the public at this time.’Unlike most of our 5 winners, the IDEA algorithm has been patented and has only been available for free for non-commercial rules.SHA 1Secure Hash Algorithm 1 was created in 1995 but has never been implied as a standard because its vulnerabilities became well known as early as 10 years after its creation.The NIST, the same organization that applied AES as the standard, banned using SHA 1 by federal agencies back in 2010, and no digital signature agency can use the algorithm since 2016.As far back as 2012, researchers in cryptography have taken into account the raising level and decreasing price of processing power and estim ated that one practical attack against the algorithm could cost the hackers as little as $700 thousand simply using commercial cloud computing services in 2015 and $173 thousand in 2017 which makes the attack reasonably affordable. If the incentive holds a greater potential gain than, say, $200 thousand, one could argue it is worth the effort.As Computerworld reports,’ …despite these efforts to phase out the use of SHA-1 in some areas, the algorithm is still fairly widely used to validate credit card transactions, electronic documents, email PGP/GPG signatures, open-source software repositories, backups and software updates.’CONCLUSIONAccording to the Ponemon Institute and a study, including a survey, funded by IBM, stolen data has cost the companies an average of $3.5 million in 2014, which is a 15% increase from the previous 2013.The institute recommends implementing preventative measures and to be ready for incident response and crisis management.Most often, the source of t he damage would be an insider or a malicious attack. Malicious code and sustained probes are also becoming a popular concern because of the increased number of those threats.‘Companies estimate that they will be dealing with an average of 17 malicious codes each month and 12 sustained probes each month. Unauthorized access incidents have mainly stayed the same and companies estimate they will be dealing with an average of 10 such incidents each month.’When the respondents of the survey were asked about the amount of investment they are pouring into security, the response was it costs an average of $7 million a year, even though the companies would like to increase it to $14 million a year to experience more confidence in fulfilling their strategies and mechanisms.Complex encryption is a relatively easy way to bring down the cost and minimize the damages of data breaches.

Sunday, June 21, 2020

Top-Notch Online Assistance with Completing Journalism Dissertation

Top-Notch Online Assistance with Completing Journalism Dissertation Top-Notch Online Assistance with Completing Journalism Dissertation Are you looking for a journalism dissertation? Have you fallen into despair after viewing all those untrustworthy websites offering you to download unknown dissertations (usually plagiarized)? You’re lucky you found us!.com would never offer you a ready paper for download! All our papers are written from scratch. Our team of writers consists of professionals in all areas of study which makes our service available for everyone, no matter what topic they are pursuing. And our reasonable prices make journalism dissertation writing help affordable for students! Buy your journalism dissertation today and enjoy your free time! Where to Find Inspiration for Writing Journalism Dissertation? We find journalism one of the most interesting areas of study! Journalism, like no other science, being a type of media that mostly takes place online has so many sources of inspiration available to anyone interested in it! Most top-rated magazines and newspapers have their own websites with the works of top journalists available to you. Such vast availability of highest quality journalism works makes journalism dissertation ideas extremely easy to come up with! Tips on Journalism Dissertation WritingBrowse the Internet. Journalists communities, blogs, different informative websites for those pursuing a journalistic career will give you an enormous amount of useful information to digest, keep you up-to-date on the current trends and maybe even inspire you to find a perfect topic! Visit your local public library to find interesting works of the pre-Internet era. Take notes during lectures! Whenever you hear your professor mention an area of study you would like to discover in-depth put it down! Then do a small research to see if it is really that captivating for you and if it is, get down to work! Great ideas usually come unexpectedly! Watch TV (we know this sounds funny)! Observe the way your favorite TV journalists work. Watch interviews conducted by professional journalists and take notes about some peculiarities of work you’d like to discover. Consult with your dissertation advisor. He/she probably has enough experience to guide you through the challenging topic choice process. It’s a good idea to ask for some first-hand advice on journalism dissertation or tourism dissertation. Contact your local newspaper or TV channel and talk to a real journalist! This will inspire you and help you develop connections for future internship! Can I Trust.com? You surely can! Our service is absolutely confidential! Under no circumstance will anyone ever find out you’ve used our services. You may wonder why we ask for your information when you register at our website. Don’t worry, we only need it for payment reasons! We have absolutely no interest in disclosing your personal information. Furthermore, it is our strict privacy policy we never violate. Ask for Journalism Dissertation Writing Help at.com! We’re sure you like writing since you’re a journalist, but academic writing and creative writing are very different. You may find it boring to work on your dissertation and you’d rather write a new article or blog post instead of spending days and nights in libraries and in front of your laptop conducting research. We offer our journalism dissertation writing experience to your service. Our professional writers know all it takes to write an excellent praiseworthy paper. We have dozens of journalism dissertation topics in stock and we would be happy to be of assistance for you!

Sunday, May 24, 2020

The Bad Old Days - Porridge

In peasant cottages, there was no kitchen in which to cook. The poorest families had only one room where they cooked, ate, worked, and slept. It is also possible that most of these extremely poor families owned only one kettle. Poor town-dwellers usually didnt even have that, and obtained most of their meals ready-made from shops and street vendors in the Medieval version of fast-food. Those who lived on the edge of starvation had to make use of every edible item they could find, and just about everything could go into the pot (often a footed kettle that rested in the fire rather than over it) for the evening meal. This included beans, grains, vegetables, and sometimes meat — often bacon. Using a little meat in this manner would make it go further as sustenance. From the Hoax In those old days, they cooked in the kitchen with a big kettle that always hung over the fire. Every day they lit the fire and added things to the pot. They ate mostly vegetables and did not get much meat. They would eat the stew for dinner, leaving leftovers in the pot to get cold overnight and then start over the next day. Sometimes the stew had food in it that had been there for quite a while — hence the rhyme, Peas porridge hot, peas porridge cold, peas porridge in the pot nine days old. The resulting stew was called pottage, and it was the basic element of the peasant diet. And yes, sometimes the remains of one days cooking would be used in the next days fare. (This is true in some modern peasant stew recipes.) But it was not common for food to remain there for nine days — or for more than two or three days, for that matter. People living on the edge of starvation were not likely to leave food on their plates or in the pot. Contaminating the carefully-gathered ingredients of a nights supper with rotting nine-day-old remains, thus risking illness, is even more unlikely. What is likely is that leftovers from the evening meal were incorporated into a breakfast that would sustain the hard-working peasant family for much of the day. We have not been able to discover the origin of the peas porridge hot rhyme. It is unlikely to spring from 16th-century life since, according to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, the word porridge did not come into use until the 17th century. Resources Carlin, Martha, Fast Food and Urban Living Standards in Medieval England, in Carlin, Martha, and Rosenthal, Joel T., eds., Food and Eating in Medieval Europe (The Hambledon Press, 1998), pp. 27-51.Gies, Frances Gies, Joseph, Life in a Medieval Village (HarperPerennial, 1991), p. 96.

Monday, May 18, 2020

The Mass Decline Of Childhood Identity And The Social...

Throughout modern society, children have become the primary consumers of marketing (Hill, 2011, p. 348). As the documentary Consuming Kids illustrates, infants are easily deceived by society, culture, and especially media scams (Barbaro, 2008). Marketing has shifted the focus of children from traditional playing to various consumerist desires. This paper will explore the causes of the mass decline in childhood identity and the social implications involved. The impact of marketing for children will be examined through its effects on culture and society, children’s identity, consumerist tendencies, the increase in need for media and their effects through symbolic interactionism. Jennifer Ann Hill states, Consumerism has led to a host of seemingly endless needs for sophisticated electronic media technology, making it increasingly difficult to provide children with an environment that allows for creativity or original thinking (Hill, 2011, p. 352)*** and the presence of this marke ting is the catalyst to several different issues in the development of children (Hill, 2011, p. 352). In this report, I will contend that marketing is detrimental to the growth of children shaping youth to become lifelong consumers and how it is a societal problem. Society is established through the cultural views and production of the individuals inside. The views of the individual can be driven by capitalism or societal norms. Under Marxist theory, the nature of society was determined primarilyShow MoreRelated The Sociology Analysis of Food and Food Ways Essay1841 Words   |  8 PagesAlthough eating is a vital part of survival, with whom, how and where we eat are not. Studying such ways can illustrate and represent the identity of a person or group. The nature of people and their beliefs can be indicated when analysing their food habits. Who individuals eat with is a particularly revealing factor into gaining an understanding of their identity, culture and society (Scholliers P 2001). For this reason commensality is a term frequently used in sociological research concerning foodRead MoreHealth and Social Care a-Level Unit 4 Development Through the Life Stages Describe Physical, Intellectual, Emotional and Social Development for Each of the Life Stages of an Individual4555 Words   |  19 PagesPhysical development The following report describes the different physical, intellectual, emotional and social developments at each life stage. The following explains what could/should happen at each stage of Chelsea O’Mahony’s life equally it could happen to any individual. Conception†¦ Immediately upon conception, cellular development begins. Pregnancy†¦ In the first month of pregnancy head and trunk appear and tiny arm buds begin to form, followed by leg buds. The early embryo seems to have aRead MoreThe Influence of Age Factors on Second Language Acquisition2762 Words   |  12 Pagescomprehend or spoken or writen language, resulting from damage to the brain caused by injury or some diseases. It refers to the way the brain can reoganize itself by shifting functions from one brain area to another after damage, at least during childhood. The theory suggests that the little kid’s brain has a cellular receptivity to language acquisition. This receptivity may be a function of cellular plasticity or elasticity which is controlled by a sort of biological clock. With age, the biologicalRead MoreUnethical Behaviour12228 Words   |  49 Pagesleadership behavior is precipitated by a catalyzing thought, condition, intention, or event. With specific examples illustrating the conceptual framework dimensions and salient characteristics of each, the paper then concludes with a discussion of the implications of unethical leadership behavior, with attention given to further research foci. The unethical behavior of leaders can be compared to the formation of tornadoes, a â€Å"perfect storm† resulting from the combinative effect of rotating winds, temperatureRead MoreSociology Essay20437 Words   |  82 PagesC Dean, ‘Social class linked to results’, Times Educational Supplement, 18.04.97. Every effort has been made to trace the copyright holders but if any have been inadvertently overlooked the publishers will be pleased to make the necessary arrangement at the ï ¬ rst opportunity. C ontents Introduction to AS Sociology xxxi–l Module 1 Families and Households 1–102 Unit 1.1 Introduction Unit 1.2 Theoretical Explanations of the Role of Families in society Unit 1.3 Social Change andRead MoreThe Effects of Advertising on Children33281 Words   |  134 Pages....................................................................... 14 Child development.......................................................................................................................... 14 Developmental stages of childhood ............................................................................................ 14 Media literacy and influence of advertising................................................................................ 19 Conclusions...........Read MoreThesis, Term Paper, Essay, Research Paper21993 Words   |  88 PagesCHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 PROBLEM STATEMENT Adolescent pregnancy has long been a worldwide social and educational concern for the developed, developing and underdeveloped countries. Many countries continue to experience high incidence of teenage pregnancy despite the intervention strategies that have been put in place. In 1990 approximately 530,000 teenagers in the United States became pregnant, 51% of whom gave birth (Coley Chase-Lansdale, 1998). Available literature suggests that fertilityRead MoreFrom Salvation to Self-Realization18515 Words   |  75 Pagesepitomized a consumption-oriented society dominated by bureaucratic corporations. 1 2It is easy to exaggerate the suddenness or completeness of this transformation. Early on it occurred primarily within the official norms and expectations of the dominant social groups-and even there it was halting and only half conscious. Further, a producer orientation survived in the consumer culture, though it was cast in a secular mold. By the 1920s, among the American bourgeoisie, the newly dominant consumer cultureRead MoreIntercultural Communication of American Tv Series in China6643 Words   |  27 Pagesshould take the initiation to meet the challenges of foreign cultures, and develop our national culture on the basis of reasonable treatment to foreign cultures. Key words: globalization; American TV series; cross-cultural communication; technology; mass media Cross-cultural communication of American TV Series in China –illustrated be the example of The Big Bang Theory â…  . Introduction We live in an increasingly complex world. One element of this complexity is the mixing of different culturesRead MoreExaming the Cultural Practice of Ukuthwala and Its Impact on the Rights of the Child13071 Words   |  53 Pagespopulation consists of, amongst the different groups, the Nguni which is comprised of the Zulus, Xhosas, Ndebeles and Swazis. It is a group, like others, that maintains strong cultural identity. Part of this group resides in the Eastern Cape Province especially the Xhosa and Zulu speaking groups. This group, like every social grouping in the world has its own cultural practices and beliefs which guide its members on how they should live or behave. Culture is like a fabric which is woven and with many shades

Tuesday, May 12, 2020

Project Management Understanding The Roles Of Key...

INTRODUCTION In Hemanta Doloi’s arcticle â€Å"Cost Overruns and Failure in Project Management: Understanding the Roles of Key Stakeholders in Construction Projects,† the author suggests project cost management is not the sole responsibility of the project manager, but rather it should also involve key stakeholders of the project such as clients, consultants, and contractors (2013). Project cost management is a process for predicting expenditures, whose success depends on an accurate accounting of all pertinent information, resources, and control over project implementation (Baloi Price, 2003). It’s paramount for a project’s success that these estimations begin early in the design phase of the project and continue to be managed through the project’s end (Doloi, 2013). Incorrect estimations at the start of the project will lead to cost and schedule overruns which will doom the project, but even good initial estimations need to be adjusted along t he project’s path to account for changes and the advent of risk factors (Verzuh, 2012). Controlling changes in cost and time with good estimations, risk assessment, and change control methods will keep the balance of the project management tradeoff between cost, time, and quality so that customers remain satisfied not only with the end result of the project but with the project itself as well. PROJECT COST MANAGEMENT BEST PRACTICES While Doloi’s article focuses on the construction industry, project have general rules that, whenShow MoreRelatedProject Stakeholders And The Importance Of Understanding1261 Words   |  6 Pagesgoing to discuss project stakeholders will identify the types of stakeholders and the importance of understanding understanding them so that better communications can be established project stakeholders are the people involved in or affected by the project activities there either internal or within the organization or external pitcher other companies or agencies that have a vested interest in the project let s look at some of the internal stakeholders internal project stakeholders generally includeRead MoreImplementing Project Management Techniques Essay1275 Words   |  6 Pages There are many methods and techniques for a project manager (PM) can use to run a successful project. Some of these include: identifying the stakeholder’s roles and responsibilities, tracking measureable business outcomes, apply project controls and view monitoring the dynamics of a working project. These project management techniques are used in order to improve the project model in a baseline project plan. As a PM employs these techniques it can help keep track and account for items more efficientlyRead MoreImpact Of The Construction Industry On The Uk Economy1582 Words   |  7 Pagesoutcome of the project being to create a change. With the industry having such a huge impact on the UK economy we have to understand the need to deliver, and how we can deliver successful projects whilst dealing with obstacles correctly; such as the uncertainty of our climax in order to achieve successful results. Today stakeholder engagement/management is one of the most common challenges in the construction industry. There is now a growing need to further engage stakeholders into the decisionRead MoreThe Project Manager Is Responsible For Successful Planning Essay1263 Words   |  6 PagesThe project manager is responsible for successful planning, initiation, design, execution, control, monitoring, as well as ensure an appropriate closure of the project. The role of the project manager in any particular project is arguably the most challenging role within the entire project team. This is simply because they have to adapt appropriately to march the demands of the project as the project goes through the entire life cycle. Notably, a project manager is a person who is in charge ofRead MoreData Analysis And Results Of An Participant Demographic Profile1231 Words   |  5 PagesBackground and Experience The first set of questions aimed at understanding participant demographic profile. All respondents were males with experience ranging from ten (10) to forty (40) years in different projects including marine engineering, processing industry, pharmaceuticals industry, civil engineering and construction projects. Some of the respondents had worked on both national and international projects, and private and government projects, and their insights were very helpful. Their experienceRead MoreHow Stakeholders Affect Stakeholders Have On Projects1363 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Stakeholders are one of or the most essential cornerstones of projects. As a matter of fact stakeholders are the reason why projects are commissioned. Project success or failure is interrelated to stakeholders’ acuities of value created by a project and the nature of relationship established with the project team. Someone somewhere needs a service/product; hence a project is required to achieve that; required as long as stakeholders are involved and onboard. This area interests meRead MoreProject Management, Project Communication, And Project Stakeholder Management797 Words   |  4 Pagesareas of project management that stood out while taking this program. Project integrated management, project communication, and project stakeholder management. A discussion on how they are executed will be presented. As more courses were taken during this project management graduate program, many of the project management concepts became clear and revealed more of the interdependencies and intricate dynamics that are required for successful project management. Stakeholder Management Project StakeholderRead MoreHow Project Stakeholders Are Managed1459 Words   |  6 PagesINTRODUCTION This study will investigate how project stakeholders are managed. The aim of this chapter is to introduce the study and key elements that will be considered throughout this dissertation. It provides study’s background information, problem statement, aim and objectives, scope and limitation as well as study relevance and values. Finally, this section also provides dissertation outline adopted by the author. 1.1 Background of the Study A Project is a â€Å"temporary endeavour undertaken to createRead MoreProject Communication Management Plan1419 Words   |  6 PagesProject Communication Management Plan US SAP project-Phase 1 Infinity Oil Gas 5440 n Homewood Blvd Baton Rouge, LA 70821 03/25/2012 Table of Contents Introduction 2 Communications Management Approach 2 Roles 2 Project Team Directory 4 Communications Matrix 5 Guidelines for Meetings 6 Glossary of Communication Terminology 6 Introduction The purpose of the Communications Management Plan is to define the communication requirements for the projectRead MoreImproving The Strategic Goals Of An Organization1621 Words   |  7 PagesProjects are ultimately designed and implemented to make progress towards achieving the strategic goals of an organization. It is important to recognize the fact that many efforts are needed in planning a project, and putting the plan into action may require equal or even more efforts in order to achieve the desired goals. Even the best plans often need corrections and adjustments particularly in the implementation phase, therefore project leaders or managers need to anticipate possible challenges

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Romanticism As A Source Of Spirituality - 1762 Words

Classification Romanticism is a time period in history based on a cultural revolution. It is defined differently based on geographical location, however it overall incorporates the same common principles: (1) imagination, (2) individuality, (3) nature as a source of spirituality, (4) looking to the past for wisdom, and (5) seeing the common man as a hero. These common principles are what inspired writers and artists of the time to fabricate ideas. This is how the period got named ‘romanticism’ for â€Å"the term ‘romantic,’ [was] long synonymous with ‘false,’ ‘fictitious’ and ‘unnatural’† (Courthion, 1961, p. 7). Defining the movement is what overtime pulled the art community away from the previous baroque era. â€Å"By the late 1700s romance thus had come to refer broadly to any work that could be distinguished from works principally realistic in form and subject matter† (Davey, 2006). Against the common misconception, the Romantic Movement was not considered to be strongly influenced by love. Instead the â€Å"historically been associated with narratives of adventure, romance, and myth as opposed to realistic stories or portrayals of history, politics, or everyday life† (Romanticism, 2014). The Beginning Historians associate the Romantic Movement as coming out of Europe â€Å"as [it was a] reaction to Napoleonic era conservatism and the political norms and the rationalization of nature associated with Enlightenment† (Romanticism, 2014). The focus on romantic literature commenced inShow MoreRelatedEmily Dickinson And Walt Whitman1719 Words   |  7 Pagesand their emotions into words that move the readers in some way. One of the most popular periods of writing would be the romanticism era. Some of the most well known authors in this time period were Emily Dickinson and Walt Whitman. The reason they are so popular from the Romanticism period is because they also incorporated their transcendental ideas into their work. Romanticism has been described as a Protestantism in the arts and letters, an ideological shift on the grand scale from conservativeRead MoreRomanticism in The Marriage of Heaven and Hell by William Blake1393 Words   |  6 PagesRomanticism in William Blakes Poem William Blake was a poet, painter, and a printmaker all during the period in literature known as the Romantic time period. The Romantic time period, also known in Literature as Romanticism began in Europe, mainly France and Britain around the 1800s (Barker) and it was first defined as a tool to in literature and literary criticisms (Galitz). The Romantic period did not just focus on literature, but also on the subjects of art and knowledge which was fueledRead MoreWgu Riwt Task1 Essay2042 Words   |  9 PagesRIWT TASK1 SUBDOMAIN 112.1 - FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS, METHODS, MODES IN THE HUMANITIES Romanticism and Realism Romanticism In the late 18th century when the Industrial Revolution started to spread from England to other countries such as France, Spain and Germany and even in the U.S, the changes that its dynamic brought to the society were drastic and radically different of what people were used to until then. The work hours become longer; young children and their parents were working most of theRead MoreRomanticism : The Age Of Reason1210 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"To say the word Romanticism is to say modern art - that is, intimacy, spirituality, color, aspiration towards the infinite, expressed by every means available to the arts.† – Charles Bauldaire. Romanticism is a type of style of writing in fine arts and literature that focuses on passion imagination and intuition rather than emphasizing on reason and logic. There are no restraints or order in Romanticism; complete spontaneous actions are welcome in this style of writing. Romanticism, or also knownRead MoreRomanticism1649 Words   |  7 PagesRomanticism in the Nineteenth Century The Romantic period followed the era of logical, philosophical, and social movement in the 17th to 18th century. However, as the 19th century began, Romanticism came into the light with a new perspective that intrigued the people. It stressed emphasis on emotions and imagination while also helping to realize the importance of self-expression. The American Romanticism movement illustrated inspiration, bias and predominance of individuals in the nineteenth centuryRead MoreJohn Smith And Walt Whitman Essay1248 Words   |  5 Pagesand profit. By the time of Walt Whitman, nature writing was transitioning from the transcendentalist into the realist movement and nature was viewed not as an extension of god, but as a way to learn about ourselves and the world. opposition to romanticism. Three writers between these two time periods, Jonathan Edwards, Benjamin Franklin and William Cullen Bryant each have a different worldview based on their background and provide a transition between the P uritan and Realism movements. John SmithRead MoreRomanticism Movement ( 1750-1870 )1223 Words   |  5 PagesName: Dilli Kattel Professor: Donna Hermon English 231-02 11/18/2014 Romanticism Movement (1750-1870) Romanticism was a period time between 1750 to 1870 in Europe, Latin America and The United States. Imagination, Subjectivity of approach, freedom, Expression and the idealization of nature will be focused in movement of Romantic Literature. In this period of time industrial revolution with the social and political norms form as age of enlightenment and against of scientific rationalization ofRead MoreRomanticism : Romanticism And Romanticism1444 Words   |  6 PagesRomanticism was a period time 1750 to 1870 in Europe, Latin America and The United States. Romantic Movement didn’t reach to France until the 1820’s. Romanticism main spirit was against of rule, law and formulas that classicism the different characterized of general in 18th century. Imagination, Subjectivity of approach, freedom, Expression and the idealization of nature will be focused in movement of Romantic Literature. In this period industrial revolution with the social and political norms formRead M oreFrankenstein, by Mary Shelley1078 Words   |  5 Pagesme; and the change was so rapid! The overthrow so complete!†2 When examined from a perspective relevant to the Industrial Revolution, we see Victor as the creator of a monstrosity that, despite being scientifically revolutionary, is inevitably the source of future distress. Victor’s self-awareness is what allows the reader to conclude Shelley’s undeniable message, as he notes â€Å"how dangerous is the acquirement of knowledge, and how much happier that is who believes his native town to be the world,Read MoreWhat Did The First Puritan Settlers?1605 Words   |  7 Pagessettler named Mary who gets married to a Native American named Hobomok, during the 1820s when Romanticism was thriving. Romanticism in literature began in the early 19th century and it incorporated individualism, embracing imagination, and breaking from traditional lifestyles and ideals. Romantic literature has many lively descriptions of nature because exploring nature was a very important part of Romanticism. Traditional religion wasn’t popular anymore; Romantics connected with God through a more

Full Summary of the Goal Free Essays

string(51) " figures that Jonah gave him to their own company\." Full Summary of The Goal Chapter 1 The Goal by Eliyahu M. Goldratt is about a man named Alex Rogo and his quest of knowledge to make his company once again profitable. The first chapter begins with Alex coming into work only to notice someone is parked in his spot. We will write a custom essay sample on Full Summary of the Goal or any similar topic only for you Order Now He then realizes that the only person who would do this is Bill Peach who is the division’s vice president. Once he is in the office he finds out that Peach is there to figure out the status of the order number 41427 which is seven weeks late. Then once Rogo and Peach start talking; Peach informs Rogo that his company is loosing money. Next Peach states that he only has three months to turn the company around. Rogo then goes back to the issue at hand number 41427. Chapter 2 Rogo then heads home that afternoon to get something to eat. He meets his wife in the living room. She wants to go out to get something to eat with him, but he tells her he can’t because his problems at the plant he has to get right back. They get into an argument and she cries then he consoles her and tells her he will be back later that night. Once he gets back to the machine that he learned was down before he left he talks to someone in the plant asking if they are going to make the order and the plant worker said â€Å"maybe. † At 11 pm the order leaves the dock to be shipped they sigh in relief. He leaves work to get a bite to eat with a plant worker to celebrate. Then Rogo remembers that his plant is loosing money and contemplates why. His efficiencies are good but he can not put his finger on what is causing the problem. Chapter 3 He wakes up the next morning and has to go to a meeting that Peach has called, but will not tell anyone what it is about. On his way to the elevator he begins to talk to Nathan Selwin a co-worker. Nathan begins to tell him quietly that the whole division is going to go down if Peach doesn’t do something about it. During the meeting Rogo decides he should start paying attention so he reaches for a pen, but instead he pulls out a cigar. He doesn’t smoke anymore so he wonders where it came from, and then he remembers! Chapter 4 It was two weeks ago at the airport he recognized his old friend who was a physicist, Jonah. They begin to talk and catch up with what each other are doing these days. Rogo tells Jonah that he is a plant manager for UniCo and Jonah seems to be more interested in that. They begin to talk about the robots that were recently installed in the plant. Rogo tells Jonah that the robots have increased plant productivity, but after Jonah asks a few questions Jonah disagrees. Jonah tells Rogo he is not running as efficient of a plant as he thinks he is. Jonah tells him to think about what the goal of his plant is before he leaves. Chapter 5 Rogo is still in the meeting thinking it is a waste of time and wonders why he is still there. Rogo bails on the meeting during the break to go back to the plant, but passes it up. He instead gets food and goes sit on a hill and thinks about what Jonah told him two weeks ago. After pondering a few different things he comes to the conclusion that making money is the goal of the company. Chapter 6 Rogo finally returns to the plant at 4:30 that evening. In his office he inquires Lou the plant’s controller about the goal of the plant. Lou agrees that it is to make money. They continue to talk about the measurements that are used to tell if a company is making money. He finally realizes how late it is at work and calls his wife and they get into an argument again. Rogo finishes talking to his night time manager then heads to the house. Chapter 7 He gets home to meet his daughter still up to show him her report card which was all A’s. He puts her to bed then begins to think about the business again. He knows he only has a little time to turn things around, but he needs to know so much more. This is when he decides he needs to talk to Jonah again. Chapter 8 Once he gets to work in the morning he finds out Peach is on the phone. Peach chews him out for walking out on the meeting then continues to keep him in meetings on the phone for the rest of the day. He decides to go to his mother’s house to look for his old contact book to try and track down Jonah. He finally gets a hold of Jonah after talking to many other people. Jonah then gives Rogo 3 measurements with specific definitions to calculate the goal. The conversation gets cut short again and he leaves Rogo to figure out how to define the measurements in terms of his plant. Chapter 9 The next morning he gets to work late and goes straight to Lou’s office to discuss about the new figures Jonah has given him. They then bring in the Inventory manager Stacy and Bob the supervisor in the plant to discuss more about the figures. They figure out a few things are wrong according to the goal and then Rogo decides to discuss what he has been talking to Jonah about. Chapter 10 Once he has cleared the air about Jonah and explained to him everything that they have talked about they start again. They begin to compare the figures that Jonah gave him to their own company. You read "Full Summary of the Goal" in category "Papers" He tells the workers about how he only has three months to get the plant to make money. They then decide to call Jonah again. Rogo and Jonah decide to meet in New York. Chapter 11 The next morning he meets up with Jonah in the hotel in New York. They begin to talk about the goal and the problems at the plant again. The next two figures that Jonah tells him about are statistical fluctuations and dependent events. He explains how these affect his plant the runs out of time again and has to leave. Chapter 12 He returns home from New York to find his wife at home who he has been calling like crazy with no answer. They once again get into a heated argument to once again resolve it. Rogo promises to spend the weekend with his wife, but has to return to the plant for the time being. Chapter 13 Saturday morning he wakes up to see his son dress in a Boy Scout uniform. He remembered that he had promised to go on an overnight hike with him. The troop leader was sick so Rogo had to lead the troops. During the hike he notices the line spreading and closing and relates that to statistical fluctuations and then states that the dependent events of each scout cause them. Chapter 14 The troops decide it is time to stop for lunch. During lunch Rogo makes a game up to experiment with statistical fluctuations. He has the boys play it and he keeps record. He uses this to simulate the assembly line in his plant. Chapter 15 They continue the hike Rogo still comparing it to the plant. He decides to then change the leader to Herbie who is the slowest kid in the group. He thinks this will cut down the fluctuations in the group. Then they finally get to the campsite and set up camp. Chapter 16 Rogo and his son get home about 4:30 Sunday evening only to find an empty house and a letter from his wife that she had left him. He goes to pick up his daughter from his mothers house where his wife left her and then calls around to find where his wife is, but can not find her. Chapter 17 Rogo starts work on Monday morning to find out that Hilton has left a message. He needs his 100 parts by the evening, but Rogo doesn’t think he can do it. Then Rogo gets the crew together and starts talking about what he has learned during the Boy Scout trip. They are hesitant to believe him, but he ends up proving himself using the process of the Hilton order as an example. Chapter 18 The next day everyone is already in his office when he gets to work. They are ready to discuss the next step, but they do not know where to go from here. So they naturally decide to call Jonah. Jonah then tells them about bottlenecks and non-bottle necks. The conversation is quickly ended again then their only choice is to find these in their plant. They find out that their newest machine the NCX-10 is a bottle neck for the plant and also the furnace. Chapter 19 Rogo talks to Jonah yet again, but this time Jonah decides to come to Rogo’s plant. They tour the plant with Jonah and look at all the bottlenecks of the plant. Jonah gives suggestions on how to fix their bottlenecks to keep up with demand. He also shows them how they were calculating the cost per part of the bottlenecks wrong. Chapter 20 The group meets again in the morning. They have a discussion about what actions are going to be taken with the bottlenecks. They decide on a few things to start implementing in the plant. While these things are happening Rogo goes to talk to his wife which he found out is at her parent’s house. Chapter 21 Rogo gets home and decides to call his wife a make a date for Saturday and she is very happy to agree. He then returns to the plant and meets back up with the regular group. They then decide to implement a tagging system which will let the employees which parts have priority. Then Saturday he takes his wife on a date. Chapter 22 Rogo returns to work to find out that their plan is slowly improving their production. They are catching up on their late work orders. But, it’s not enough so he asks for more suggestions by the Wednesday meeting. On Wednesday Bob shows up to the plant with an old machine used to do what the NCX-10 does to take some of the load off. Chapter 23 Rogo is going on many dates with his wife these days and they are getting along a lot better. In the plant he finds out more about hold ups on the bottlenecks and solutions for them. They keep implementing these new solutions which improve the plants productivity. Chapter 24 The group decides to celebrate due to the new record they have set in orders delivered for the month. They go out and Stacey drives him home only to find his wife who thinks he is cheating on her, she takes off again. The next day at the plant Rogo is informed that new bottlenecks are forming throughout the plant. Rogo and his wife make up and he calls Jonah to get advise again only for him to say he needs another look. Chapter 25 Rogo picks up Jonah again from the airport for him to investigate yet another problem that the company is having with the bottlenecks. They suspect that there is another bottleneck forming in the plant, but Jonah thinks otherwise. Jonah explains how bottlenecks feed non-bottlenecks and vice versa and that is where their problem lies. Chapter 26 At home again Rogo is thinking about how to apply what he has learned from Jonah. His children asked if they can help and they do in fact more than they think. The group got together with Jonah and devised a new schedule that would predict when items would be finished and when some needed to be released. Then Rogo brings Jonah back to the airport. Chapter 27 Rogo is in a meeting with Bill Peach and others from UniCo when they say that his division is the only one profiting now. He meets with Bill in the office one on one and they decide that if Rogo raises his bottom line 15% more than Bill will not shut him down next month. He decides to go to visit his wife and kids since he has not seen them in a while. They get in another argument about their marriage and then make up. Chapter 28 He gets home only to the phone ringing, its Jonah; he says that he will not be able to talk to Rogo for a few weeks so he needs to talk to him now. Jonah suggests cutting the batch sizes in half. They discuss this suggestion over a nice meal. Rogo then has a meeting with Johnny johns telling him how much faster he can produce products and he needs more contracts. Chapter 29 Rogo wakes up in the middle of the night after a nightmare all he can think about it the plant and how the figures make it look like cost is going up when actually they are doing the opposite. Lou comes in his office the next morning saying he can solve the cost problem to buy them a few months, but it’s not valid according to the accounting department so it would be a risk. Jons calls him back with an offer to do 1000 model 12’s in 2 weeks, but Rogo decides that it is impossible, but they could do 250 a week for 4 weeks and they get the account. Chapter 30 At the beginning of the new month they are having their meeting and Lou comes in with the figures and states that they have hit the 15% mark plus a little more. Rogo goes away for two days and comes back to find they are shooting a TV program about their robots. He slips up about the new batch sizes and the figures to Hilton and begins to get audited by the company. During the meeting a helicopter shows up its Mr. Burnside who had the big order he wanted to congratulate everyone in the plan for doing such a great job. After all this he decides to go visit his wife and they decide to get back together. Chapter 31 The meeting is held to determine whether or not Rogo’s plant was going to be shut down. In the meeting Hilton does not listen to what Rogo has to say and condemns his plant. Rogo out of a last hope goes to Peaches office and tries to convince him when Peach had already made up his mind that it was going to stay. Also, Rogo was going to get a promotion to Peaches position and Peach was moving up also. Chapter 32 Rogo and his wife sit down at dinner to celebrate his promotion. They talk about how he worked hard with Jonah’s help, but they couldn’t help but wonder why he couldn’t do it on his own; it all seemed like common sense. Chapter 33 Rogo goes back to his old plant in his new position. He first talks to Lou, then Bob, next Stacey, and last Ralph. One by one he is giving them promotions. Chapter 34 The group once again gets together. This time it is different though now they are talking about how they are going to take action toward the whole division instead of one plant. Chapter 35 They continue to discuss the topic at hand this time comparing it to the scientist from history, Mendeleev. Then the goes home to talk to his wife who has been reading Socrates. Chapter 36 They meet once again trying to put what they did in the plant to rules they can follow. They develop a five step process of evaluating and fixing problems in the divisions. Chapter 37 They continue to make changes and developments to the rules that they have made getting them ready for action. Chapter 38 Rogo is asking Johnny for more sales for his plant to see if everything they implemented is working correctly. They now decide to expand their market to Europe at a cost lower than they are selling here. Chapter 39 Rogo gets a call from Peach to discuss his new actions and to discuss the fact that he knew Hilton’s plant was going to lose its bottom line. He also can not understand how Rogo’s system works so he has him come down to teach him. Chapter 40 They all go to head quarters to tackle the issue at hand. Rogo figures out he is on his own now. He can’t ask for Jonah’s help or else he would never be able to go through the thinking process for himself. How to cite Full Summary of the Goal, Papers

Sydney Opera House Environment Management - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theSydney Opera House Environment Management. Answer: Introduction The Sydney opera house guided by its environmental sustainable policy plan is focusing on using its resources effectively in a sustainable manner. The institution plan is give major priority in greening its theatre industry by implementing current trends in energy usage (Barrow, 2014). The policies are aimed at ensuring energy efficiency opportunities and ensuring proper energy consumption and sustainable products within the theatre. The essence of the policy outlined by Sydney opera house is to eliminate all kind of pollution from emission of gases. In line with the institutional goals of providing sustainable policies on its activities and functions, the plan entails efficient use of resources, wastages minimization, and implementation of suitable environmental management strategies, toxic materials elimination and reduction, and implementation of sustainable energy conservations (Barrow, 2014). Trends in resource use In recent times the eruption of organization activities within the company surroundings is leading to more resources being consumed. The consumption of resources in the long run becomes unsustainable and depleted in the long run and becomes expensive for the company. The major resources usage in the theatre is as follows: the use of energy through lighting takes a leading role; depreciation of existing furniture equipments and tools. The summary of the use is indicated in the chart presented in figure 1 which shows increasing energy and other resources usage. Figure 1 Theatre resource levels usage Figure 1 findings indicate within a period of four years the use of energy and other resources has been increasing exponentially. The management of Sydney Opera house task is to try and curb the rise in an amicable manner. Another factor is how the global source of energy is contributing to the depleting of resources. Better efficient and sustainable solution provides a panacea that can treat the problem. Efficient resource usage Better use and efficient use of resources makes it sustainable to reduce the impacts caused by the impacts caused by the environment. Proper sustainable environmental policies employed by Sydney opera house is a good facilitator in ensuring socio-economic goals are achieved in the industry (O'Riordan, 2014).. The environmental sustainable policies are useful in management of energy, water, material and emissions towards managing the working environment (Barrow, 2014). Proper use of the resources will enable Sydney Opera house to cut on the costs and reduce all kind of wastages. Good strategies should involve a process of recycling of used resources to avoid new purchase and increase in costs. Another sustainable environmental management policy is to redevelop sites or theatres that were left idle or unused for other useful purposes that will ensure that no more resources are pumped for new buildings and structures. To ensure there is efficient use of energy levels especially the electricity. Better use of renewable energies like solar and wind power to be adopted that will facilitate use of efficient energy consumptions and thus encouraging sustainable developments (O'Riordan, 2014). The management needs to use green theatre making policies that eliminate emissions, pollutions and wastages within the theatre backgrounds. As per the environmental protection act of 1997 the company will need to formulate ways to eliminate harmful emissions to the environment. The common emissions in theatres come from use of electronic gadgets. Stakeholder participation becomes a critical factor in ensuring environmental sustainable programs are achieved in the long run. It represents that everyone given equal rights to participate in management of the environment. Equality should be encouraged by training the women and employees on greening the theatre industry. Provision of education forms a suitable tool and model that can be useful in implementing the laid policies. Benchmarking is another suitable strategy in ensuring good practices are employed by the company. Visits to other agencies and companies that have employed sustainable environmental practices could provide better learning experience that could be adopted by the firm (Barrow, 2014). Environmental assessment form a critical component in ensuring plans and policies are executed effectively. Monitoring and audits on the progress and performance of the laid policies on efficient use of resources ensures that every part goes as per the plans. Environmental audits are useful component that Sydney Opera house need to constitute in their environment planning and implementation (O'Riordan, 2014). The findings obtain from the audits would provide necessary learning experiences for future corrective measures in the theatre industry. Conclusion Sustainable usage of resources and environmental management is part of the future needs of organizations. Every organization including Opera house theatre will need to institute it in its planning process. Proper environmental and resource usage policies will go upheld in reducing the negative consequences emanating from depleted resources. Recommendations In achieving the stated goals and objectives of resource use the following recommendations should provide future sustainable framework for resource usage: Capacity and awareness building need to be created to ensure sustainable resource and environmental usage. The program should cover all the stakeholders within and outside the organization premises. The company should focus on justifiable recycling techniques that will be key agenda in reducing any form of wastes and reduce impacts originating from depletion of resources. Opportunities will be created through the recycling program thus enhancing economic development. The company will formulate a policy that would allow only safe electronic gadgets or those with radii free protectors to be used within the theatre. References Barrow, C. J. (2014).Developing the environment: Problems management. Routledge. O'Riordan, T. (Ed.). (2014).Environmental science for environmental management. Routledge.

Sunday, May 3, 2020

Interpersonal Communication Skills

Question: Write an essay on "Interpersonal Communication Skills". Answer: Introduction: Interpersonal skills are defined as those skills that one needs to communicate effectively in a group or with another person. There are some core areas which can bring effective interpersonal communication through verbal and non-verbal means. The communication through verbal means are, effective listening, questioning, self-awareness, facilitating or helping, communicating through oral presentation, being assertive and reflecting. The communication through non-verbal means is gestures, facial expression, postures, and gaze and paralinguistic cues. The paper discusses the interpersonal skills of feedback, listening and questioning and their benefits in the effectiveness of the communication. The advantages of using this skill in a particular field are discussed and different views of the people are put to give in-depth information about the methods of interpersonal communication skill. In this essay, the importance of interpersonal communicational skills in the area of software project management has been discussed. Importance of the interpersonal communication skill in software project management: The success factors of the business organizations which are handling the software development projects are highly dependent on the project development. Software project development is dependent on the efficiency of the team work. Software developments are handled by a team of employees who have to work collaboratively for achieving the corporate goal. In this context, the interpersonal communications are very important for making the objectives clear to all the employees associated in the project. The three major interpersonal skills and their used in the organization communication have been discussed in the following section (Beebe et al. 2014). Listening: Listening is a vital for effective communication. One of the common cause of mistakes, misunderstanding, lost customers and sales is due to poor listening. The productivity of a person reduces due to poor listening, the employee turnover of a company increasing because the employee feels that managers do not listen to them. Good and attentive listening makes the task easy (Knapp et al. 2014). Poor listening of the managers may make them loose the opportunities and create tussle between the managers and employees. Listening improves relationship in an organization, it increases the credibility and trust and willingness to work more towards the organization. It reduces the misunderstandings and hence the chance of error. Less error reduces the cost of an organization and enhances their profit. Further, better listening improves productivity and teamwork (De Janasz et al. 2015). There are several benefits of good listening, such as it saves your time. The people who listening carefully generally makes less mistake and work more effectively. There will be less communication glitches, productivity will increase and he persons morale will improve in the organization. Good listening is explained by CARESS model which explains that as a person begins to concentrate, acknowledge, research, exercise, emotional control, sense and structure, their ability to receive the message accurately increases (Beebe et al. 2014). Listening with concentration helps to eliminate the surrounding noise and receive the message clearly. If a person acknowledges the listening, it helps the speaker to send a much clearer message. If the listener some research about the topic before the listening then it helps to prompt questions and understand the message in depth. Listening with emotional control helps to concentrate on understanding the message regardless of being a provocative messa ge. Listening the message and organising the information in a particular structure improves and retain the understanding of the message (Lane et al. 2013). Questioning: The interpersonal communication skill through questioning helps to stimulate conversation, gain information, to know others view, to develop trust and rapport, to check agreement and to verify the information. The two major types of questions asked are of open and closed in nature. Open questions cannot be answered in objective form, i.e., by just saying yes or no (Beebe et al. 2014). It required to be explained with dialogues and sentences. However, closed questions are answered briefly by saying yes or no communication by asking questions helps in finding facts and feeling the facts, expanding the information, clarifying the message and directing the conversation to a specific goal (Knapp et al. 2014). Closed end questions helps to understand the information more correctly and promptly. The benefit of using open end question can be understood when it is required to gather information about the persons feeling. It is used to gather information in details. Question helps to clarify the doubt in the conversation and helps in expanding the topic to gather more information. Some questions are directing and assist in getting the answer to the point. If required, questioning also helps to direct the information to different topic, or assist in coming to a particular decision (Baker et al. 2013). There are different ways in which questioning can be done. Proper planning and good understanding of the questions can help in coming to effective conclusion. Good strategic questions benefit in a fruitful conversation. Questioning through funnel technique is highly beneficial in understanding the persons expectations and needs, opportunities and problems. Funnel technique of questioning starts from broad questions and then narrows down to specific questions to get into the depth of the topic (Li and Lam 2013). Interpersonal skill of communication through questioning, if done by keeping the questions simple, then it helps to remove confusion among the people and is beneficial for the long term growth of the product. The questions keep the focus on the topic and bring more clarity in the conversation. Communication through asking questions avoid ambiguity and manipulation of words, It has helped in gaining information, building trust, verify information and stimulate the opinions and views of others (Sommer and Kulkarni 2012). Feedbacks: Interpersonal communication through feedback method can also be an effective means of communication. Several problems of communication can be solved by simply asking the consumers to fill up the feedback form and later using the information on the feedback form to make the communication better and to work on the loopholes to be expertise in the communication skills (Ditton et al. 2016). Feedback forms are beneficial in understanding the customer better as the customer generally write the truth on the form to avoid uninterrupted services. The feedback method helps to give correct definition to the problems. The words used in conversation may be different from the words written on the feedback form. The people are generally more careful in writing words to describe the problem than using in oral communication. Feedback gives clarity of thought and avoids making assumptions due to the wrong usage of words in oral communication. Feedback forms acts as a source of data to collect informat ion from the customers and to know their actual requirement and accordingly take necessary actions to make the communication fruitful in the future (Baker et al. 2013). The questions used in feedback forms helps to take information from different angles and are beneficial in understanding the different aspects of the topics. It is beneficial in taking different views about the topic and then work on the betterment of the topic by making necessary changes. It is beneficial in keeping the people updated with the everyday changes and makes the communication more informatics (Plummer 2015). Conclusion: The essay discusses the three major methods of interpersonal skill of communication. They are feedback method, questioning method and listening method. These methods are the most effective method of communication and enhance the results from the communication. They helps in getting the maximum out of the communication and brings better understanding of the topic and going to the depth of the information. Communication if done effectively can solve major problems and increase productivity of the interaction between people which in turn bring productivity in the place of work and in the particular field of description. References Baker, A., Perreault, D., Reid, A. and Blanchard, C.M., 2013. Feedback and organizations: Feedback is good, feedback-friendly culture is better.Canadian Psychology/Psychologie canadienne,54(4), p.260. Beebe, SA, Beebe, SJ and Redmond, MV 2014, Interpersonal Communication: relating to others, 7th edn, Allyn Bacon, Boston, MA, pp.1-15 De Janasz, SZ, Crossman, J, Campbell, N and Power, M 2014, Interpersonal skills in organisations, 2nd edn, Mc-Graw-Hill Education, North Ryde, NSW, pp. 424-431 Ditton-Phare, P., Sandhu, H., Kelly, B., Kissane, D. and Loughland, C., 2016. Pilot Evaluation of a Communication Skills Training Program for Psychiatry Residents Using Standardized Patient Assessment. Academic Psychiatry, pp.1-8. Knapp, M.L., Vangelisti, A.L. and Caughlin, J.P., 2014. Interpersonal Communication Human Relationships. Pearson Higher Ed. Lane, H.C., Hays, M.J., Core, M.G. and Auerbach, D., 2013. Learning intercultural communication skills with virtual humans: Feedback and fidelity. Journal of Educational Psychology, 105(4), p.1026.

Friday, March 27, 2020

I Was Alone Essays - , Term Papers, Research Papers

I Was Alone I was alone in a world of hate a world where difference was a thing to hate a world where everything was as "God planned" and what wasn't was branded and banned I went along like I believed saving myself from the ones who truely did hating myself for being them while I was not the same the ones who crucify me are the ones who really are the ones who have misread the words that are killing me right now. The words that are casting me away God's words My God These are not your words These are not your words these are not your words I believe in you But these are not your words It couldn't be the only one who reads my every thought I believe what you say is right so if that means I have to hate my very self I can't do it.

Friday, March 6, 2020

20 Things to Do in Your 20s to Build a Successful Career

20 Things to Do in Your 20s to Build a Successful Career Feeling the twenty-something blues? Before you hit quarter-life crisis mode, try crossing a few of these off your pre-30 bucket list. Here are 20 things to do in your 20s in order to make your future better while you’re still young enough to get a head start.1. GraduateNo matter what your education goals are- whether an associates degree, a bachelors degree, a masters, or a PhD- complete them. Put the formal education stage behind you and let it bolster you as you move forward in your life.2. Get a jobIt’s much more difficult to find steady work that you like enough to keep doing after a certain point. Get in the workforce while you’re still fresh talent.3. Quit your vicesSmoking, drinking, partying, drugs: these all seem like fun now, but their time is at an end. This is the age to stop and focus on reality.4. Save moneySaving now can pay off hugely in the long run. Only spend what you need to spend, and save the rest. Your future (home-owning and retired) self will thank you.5. Buy a houseSounds crazy, but can also set you up for a healthier financial life in the future.6. Stop being boy/girl crazyPut your focus into building your life and career. The love part will sort itself out without your devoting every spare possible moment to the pursuit of booty.7.  Try out your dreamBefore you have a ton of family obligations, now’s the time to pursue a job, or a hobby, or a new city you’ve always wanted to explore. You’re young, you have your whole life to settle down and be responsible. Follow your heart!8. TravelVisit at least one foreign country before the big Three Oh. See a new culture, a new world, a new way of life and let it make you a better, more interesting and widely experienced person.9. Change jobsNow is the stage in your career when you can hop from job to job and figure out what you really want to do and be, and which industry is best for you. This will get much harder to do later in life.10. Call your par entsDo it every other day at least. They won’t be around forever, and they took care of you your entire life. It’s their turn to be cared for.11. Keep your friends closeRelish the people in your life who value you. And be good to them. Love who loves you.12. Make meaningful friendshipsThe friends you have and make now are probably going to be your closest circle in your old age. Put the work in now while you have the time and energy.13. NetworkYou’re going to need to rely on your network all the time as you get older- both personally and professionally. Get building!14. Stay healthySleep, healthy eating, exercise, hygiene- these all may seem trivial now, but they are the mark of taking good care of yourself. Aka adulthood. Be kind to your body now and it will be kind to you when things start to fall apart with age.15. Aim highIf you aim for the stars and fall a little short, you’ll still land on the moon. Start small, but dream big.16.  Push the envelop eNow is the best time to innovate, to think outside the box, disturb the status quo, change minds and hearts!17. Be respectfulStart shoring up the good karma you’ll need later in life. Be kind, humble, and generous. Do as little harm as possible.18. Know your limitsAccept your weaknesses and what you cannot accomplish. However small your role, play it with dignity and aplomb.19. Read and writeThese things keep the mind sharp and the intellect afloat. Read every day and write as often as possible. Stimulate your brain and keep your creative juices flowing.20. Follow your blissFigure out what the purpose of your life will be, and then devote yourself to moving in that direction. Your mission: should you choose to accept it.

Wednesday, February 19, 2020

Management Accounting Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Management Accounting - Assignment Example At this moment, the strategies that are to be applied in this case are related to the performance of the company are no longer connected to the profitability of the company (Shaffer, 23). Thus, as the strategy to compare overhead costs and overall productivity of the company, it is clear that the company is operating at net loss and strategies should aim at reducing the burden on operating losses. Thus, a strategy to increase performance would consider cutting back on losses an improvement plan. Following the calculations below, the performance of the company depends on the use of available resources in the production of pipes. Based on the cost of raw material and the units produced it is clear that non-overhead costs remained the same at $0.15 considering 10,000,000 feet of pipe costing $1,500,000 and/or 6,000,000 feet costing $900,000. If the company is to trade the new batch of pipes at $0.35, then the company would be gaining $0.1 as profit for every foot of pipe sold. Based on the table below, decreasing the price of the pipes would be the best decision for the company to cut back on losses and acquire an economies of scale strategy. There are various levels of costs involved in the case of Riverside Hotel. These involve fixed, variable, and sunk costs. In terms of the fixed costs, all overhead costs are fixed and include the cost of acquiring the equipment for preparing meals, the premises, power, and heat. Specifically, one of the fixed overhead costs include the price of the oven which is priced at $20,000. On the other hand, non-overhead costs include the price of the salad which is $1 and the prime rib which costs $7. The fixed price of the prime rib and the salad make up the cost of materials. However, for every meal made, the used ingredients add up to the final price. In this case, the price of making dinner using the prime rib and salad is fixed at $8 assuming that there is no labor, equipment, and power

Tuesday, February 4, 2020

Domain Bacteria Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Domain Bacteria - Research Paper Example The relatedness between any two given metazoans such as a human and a slug is often much more than the relation between two bacteria species. They appear in a variety of shapes (rods, spirals, spheres, blogs and helical among others) and sizes ranging between 0.5 and 5.0 microns. Most bacteria are of one of three typical shapes, which include round/ball-shaped (coccus), rod-shaped (bacillus) and spiral-shaped (spirillum), with an additional group, vibrios, that appear as incomplete spirals. Scientists also characterize bacteria by their growth patterns such as the chains formed by streptococci. While some bacteria, mainly the spirillum and bacillus forms, are motile or swim about by whip-like movements of flagella, others have pili, rigid rod-like protuberances, which serve as tethers. Pili join pairs of bacteria together facilitating transfer of DNA between them. Some bacteria have short, hair-like, proteinaceous projections called fimbriae at the cell ends or over the entire surface, which enable the bacteria to adhere to surfaces. Depending on the bacteria species, flagella may be set in any of four ways, which includes the monotrichous form with a single flagellum at one end, the amphitrichous with a single flagellum at each bacterium end, the lophotrichous with two or more flagella at either or both bacterium ends and the peritrichous form with flagella distributed over the entire cell. Bacterial cells can exist as discrete individual cells or may group together in chains as in the case of rods and cocci. Cocci forms can also aggregate in clusters. They contain a cell envelope comprising of a capsule, the cell wall and a plasma lemma or plasma membrane and a cytoplasmic region, which contains the cell genome, ribosomes and various cell inclusions. Most bacteria have a rigid cell wall, which consists of a polymer of disaccharides that are cross-linked by peptides (short amino acid chains) forming a